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Sitting 240 kilometers south of Beijing, Zhengding County in Hebei Province boasts rich cultural and historical heritage. From 1982 to 1985, Xi Jinping successively served as deputy secretary and secretary of CPC Zhengding County Committee.
“Ensuring Enough Food to Eat Is an Urgent Matter for Zhengding”
After he arrived at Zhengding, Xi made door-to-door visits to every household in his jurisdiction. After the visits, he found that although Zhengding was well-known for its high yield, 400,000 locals had to turn over 38 million kilograms of grain to the country every year, leing many in the area with insufficient food on table. Moreover, due to outdated philosophies, Zhengding was still trapped in single mode of production, pursuing high yields of grain crops instead of higher-earning crops like cotton, oil plants and fruits. Therefore, local farmers weren’t left with enough food to eat after they handed in their quota to the government.
In the latter half of 1981, the gross output value of Zhengding’s industry and agriculture remained at 206.73 million yuan （now US$31.13 million）, with per capita annual income at 148 yuan（now US$22.3）. “Ensuring enough food to eat is an urgent matter for Zhengding,” said Xi. He declared that the high grain quota led to the county’s imbalanced agricultural structure, which had to be adjusted. Xi and Lu Yulan, then deputy secretary of the CPC Zhengding County Committee, went to Beijing to report Zhengding’s real situation and difficulties. In early 1982, China’s State Council sent related authorities to investigate, who concurred with Xi and Lu’s reports. The government reduced Zhengding’s grain quota by 14 million kilograms, which relieved the food shortage problem plaguing the county.
After stabilizing their source of food, Zhengding people began looking for a better standard of living. Led by Xi, the county Party committee and government decided to try a contractual household output-related responsibility system in Lishuangdian’s commune, which was poor and far from the county seat. As a result, the same year, the value of agricultural production in Lishuangdian doubled, with annual per capita income exceeding 400 yuan （now US$60）.
In January 1983, Zhengding formally approved the contractual household output-related responsibility system, proposing that land be controlled by households through lease rights for at least five years. And communes could decide on their own management methods. Consequently, Zhengding became the first place in Hebei to adopt the system, which laid a foundation for its economic lift-off.
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