原创《晚收对不同熟期夏玉米产量调控效应》：这篇玉米产量论文范文为免费优秀学术论文范文,可用于相关写作参考。
摘 要：以熟期不同的4个玉米品种（郑单958、先玉335、登海605和登海618）为供试材料,设置5个收获时期,比较研究晚收对夏玉米产量的调控效应.两年试验结果表明,和传统收获时期相比,延迟5天收获,登海605和郑单958年均产量的平均日增量为83.8、83.6 kg/hm2,登海618和先玉335为109.7、158.1 kg/hm2；延迟10天收获,登海605和郑单958平均日增量分别为67.6、125.6 kg/hm2,登海618和先玉335为13.2、20.9 kg/hm2.中早熟品种（先玉335和登海618）在10月5日收获,粒重达最大值,基本完成灌浆过程；中晚熟品种（郑单958和登海605）在10月10日收获时,粒重还处于增加阶段,延迟收获能显著增加粒重和降低籽粒含水量.所以,适时晚收对中晚熟品种增产效果更为显著,在不耽误小麦播种的前提下,应尽可能延迟玉米收获时间.
关键词：夏玉米；不同熟期品种；晚收；增产效应
中图分类号：S513.091文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2016）09-0036-04
AbstractFour maize varieties with different mature periods （Zhengdan 958, Xianyu 335, Denghai 605 and Denghai 618） were used as materials, and five harvest dates were designed to study the regulation effect of late harvest on summer maize yield. The results of two-year experiments showed that compared with the traditional harvest time, when delaying 5 days to harvest, the average daily increment of Denghai 605 and Zhengdan 958 was 83.8 and 83.6 kg/hm2 respectively, while that of Denghai 618 and Xianyu 335 was 109.7 and 158.1 kg/hm2 respevtively； when delaying 10 days to harvest, the average daily increment of Denghai 605 and Zhengdan 958 was 67.6 and 125.6 kg/hm2 respectively, while Denghai 618 and Xianyu 335 was 13.2 and 20.9 kg/hm2 respectively. For middle-early mature varieties （Xianyu 335 and Denghai 618）, the kernel weight reached the maximum when harvested on October 5, and the filling process was basically completed. But for middle-late mature varieties （Zhengdan 958 and Denghai 605）, the grain weight was still in the increasing period when harvested on October 10, so delaying harvest could markedly increase the grain weight and decrease the grain moisture content. In conclusion, suitable late harvest had more significant increasing effects on yield of middle-late mature varieties； under the premise of not influencing wheat seeding, the maize harvest time should be delayed as far as possible.
KeywordsSummer maize； Varieties with different mature periods； Late harvest； Yield increasing effect
在《全国新增1000亿斤粮食生产能力规划（2009-2020）》中,玉米占了53%的份额,在目前不能大幅度提高玉米种植面积的前提下,通过采用适时晚收技术提高玉米单产就显得尤为重要.适时晚收即是在不耽误小麦播种的前提下,通过增加籽粒灌浆时间,增加籽粒淀粉、蛋白质和氨基酸含量从而提高产量和商品品质,是不需要增加成本提高效益的有效措施[1,2].在黄淮海地区,夏玉米一般在9月25-30日收获,农户多以果穗苞叶变黄、籽粒顶部变硬作为玉米成熟的标志.有研究表明,果穗苞叶变黄、籽粒变硬时开始收获,其千粒重仅为完熟时的85%～90%,此时收获产量将减少10%～15%[3,4].9月下旬至10月上旬,正值秋高气爽,昼夜温差大,有利于玉米灌浆.而小麦播种一般在10月10-15日,所以,在不影响小麦播种的条件下,应充分利用光热资源,使玉米尽可能达到完熟.虽然前人在这方面有一定研究,但都是一年的试验结果,并且选用品种熟期相当.这不能很好地验证不同年际间不同熟期品种受收获时间的影响.本试验选用中早熟品种先玉335和登海618、中晚熟品种郑单958和登海605为试验品种,分析不同收获时期对产量的调控效应,以期为适时晚收提供可靠的参考依据.
玉米产量论文参考资料：
结论：晚收对不同熟期夏玉米产量调控效应为适合玉米产量论文写作的大学硕士及相关本科毕业论文，相关亩产2600斤玉米品种开题报告范文和学术职称论文参考文献下载。
